Embossing creates a magnificent graphic element by allowing designs to be raised, or depressed, in the paper. Text and cover papers are molded with heat, pressure and an embossing die. The effect is sensual, setting the communication apart by creating a third dimension.

High quality text and cover papers work best for embossing. Text and cover papers have the necessary strength to withstand the pressure and stress of the embossing process. Because the embossed area is smoothed-out, a felt textured paper will provide an even greater textural contrast.

Types of embossing
Embossing pushes the paper surface forward, causing a raised image. Debossing is done using the same process but the surface is depressed. The following terms apply to both embossing and debossing.

• A blind emboss is an embossed image that is not stamped over a printed image or with a foil. The color of the image is the same as the paper.
• A registered emboss is an embossed imaged that exactly registers to a printed or foil stamped image.
• A combo emboss refers to an embossed image that is also foil stamped.
• Glazing refers to an emboss that appears polished. Notably on dark-colored stocks, the heat and pressure is substantially increased to smooth and shine the surface. Using a very high temperature, light colored papers can be scorched so that the paper changes color. Successfully done with extreme caution, this process actually burns the paper.

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The specifications for an emboss include:

• The number of levels the image requires—single, multi or sculptured.
• The depth of the emboss. Text and cover papers on average can withstand 2.5 times the caliper of the paper; therefore a bulky cover weight can produce a greater embossing height.
• The shape of the edge of the die: flat, round, or beveled. The angle of bevel should also be specified, from 300 to 800. The depth of the emboss may depend on the steepness of the angle to prevent paper tears. The selection of a beveled, round, or flat edge will create very different effects, especially for type and geometric shapes.
• The smoothness of the embossed image. 

Metal dies
Three metals are used for embossing dies: magnesium, brass, and copper. The shape of the embossed image and the length of the run determine which metal is used. Magnesium is used for short runs and for large letters and images. Magnesium allows for special hand tooling. Brass dies give the embosser the most latitude. Brass is used for fine lines; sculptured images; combo foil stamping and embossing; and for those images that need extensive hand tooling. Brass dies are made by machine or by a semi-photographic process. The image is transferred onto the metal photomechanically to use as a guide like a drawing for hand tooling. Copper dies are used for designs between the parameters of brass and magnesium. A drawback to using copper is that tooling is not possible.

Choosing the right paper
Embossing focuses the viewer on the paper like no other graphic technique. Mohawk’s text

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and cover papers are known to emboss beautifully; offering strength, bulk, and an extensive range of textures and colors. The embosser has three variables once the paper is chosen: pressure, heat, and die depth. The craftsman should strive to meet the preferred depth of the emboss and smoothness without creating any ruptures or pinholes in the image.

Recycled paper
In general, the less recycled fiber in the stock, the better. Fibers that have been processed repeatedly are shorter and weaker. A paper with a high recycled content can cause consistency problems when exposed to extreme heat and pressure levels. Mohawk’s recycled papers are made to withstand the demands of embossing.

Preparing artwork
Art should be prepared slightly larger. Type size, style and spacing should be increased to compensate for the added dimension. Type should be bold without any pointed or small serifs. Rules should be at least two points thick. Line art should be prepared as if it were going to print a solid color. For multi-level or sculptured embossing dies, use color-coded layers to indicate the different levels. Your embosser will follow your multi-level suggestions as much as possible. If the embossed image is going to register to a printed image, supply the die maker with one of the dominant printing negatives. The emboss should be at least .25 inches away from the edge of an oversized sheet to avoid wrinkles and puckers. If the embossing will take place on a finished piece, allow .5 inches from the edge.

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Embossing is a custom craft. Thorough specifications and samples will result in success. Your embosser and paper merchant can provide embossed paper samples and recommendations.

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